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Archiver > GEN-MEDIEVAL > 1995-10 > 0814494342


From: Chris Bennett < >
Subject: Annotated Egyptian Descent Part 3 of 4
Date: Mon, 23 Oct 1995 16:25:42 PST


>16. Setnakht (Usirkha'ure Setepenre Meryamun Sethnakte), b. ca 1265 B.C.;
> Pharaoh of Egypt 1186-1184 B.C.; d 1184 6/3 B.C. m. Tiye-Merenese

Maybe, but there's no evidence for it (perhaps some will emerge from the tomb
of Ramses II's sons). Setnakht's own succession stele indicates that he was
not in line for the throne, so if he was a son of Ramses II it was almost
certainly by a minor concubine -- another difficulty for an 18th dynasty
descent. Most Egyptologists don't consider the 19th and 20th dynasty to be
related. The fact that neither Setnakht nor (more surprisingly) Ramses III
state a connection is a good point, though hardly conclusive, since the formal
Egyptian theory of succession seems to have been based on a revelatory ideal
rather than any genealogical principle. But the use of common names (which is
elsewhere argued to support a 20/21 dynasty connection), the large numbers of
descendants of Ramses II, and the fact that Hori, grandson of crown prince
Khaemwese, was vizier under the first two 20th dynasty kings all suggests to me
that there was a connection. Settipani proposes a connection through Tiye-
Merenese, possibly as a sister of Seti II, which is plausible but again a guess.

>17. Ramses III (Usirmare Meryamun Ramesse), b. ca 1225 B.C.; Pharaoh of Egypt
> 1184-1153 B.C.; d 1153 16/ B.C.
>
>18. Ramses VIII (Sethirkhopsef Usirmare Akhenamun Ramesse), b. ca 1195 B.C.;
> Pharaoh of Egypt 1129-1127 B.C.; d 1127 B.C.
>
>19. Ramses IX (Khaemwaset Neferkare Setepenre Ramesse), b. ca 1175 B.C.;
> Pharaoh of Egypt 1127-1109 B.C.; d 1109 B.C.

Kitchen has suggested that Ramses IX was the son of prince Montuhirkhopsef, son
of Ramses III, since he has a son of the same name, but the current excavator
of Montuhirkhopsef's tomb disputes this.

>20. Ramses X (Amenhirkhopsef Khepermare Setepenre Ramesse), b. ca 1155 B.C.;
> Pharaoh of Egypt 1109-1099 B.C.; d 1099 B.C. m. Tyti

Plausible guess, generally accepted.

>21. Ramses XI (Khaemwaset Menmare Setepenptah Ramesse), b. ca 1130 B.C.;
> Pharaoh of Egypt 1099-1069 B.C.; d 1069 B.C.

Plausible guess, generally accepted.

>22. Henttawy, b. 1105 B.C.; Princess of Egypt. m. Hedjkheperre Setepenre
> Nesubanebdjed, Pharaoh of Egypt 1069-1043 B.C.

This is from Kitchen's 1972 reconstruction, he emended this in 1986 to propose
instead that Henttawy married Pinudjem I, high priest of Amun at Thebes (1070-
1055) and nominal king (1054-1032). Henntawy's parentage is not certain,
though she was a king's daughter and Psusennes I had Ramessid connections in
his name. Ramses XI seems the best reconstruction, but Nesubanebdjed (Smendes)
is also a possibility.

>23. Psusennes I (Akheperre Setepenamun Psibkha'emne (Psusennes I), b. 1078
> B.C.; Pharaoh of Egypt 1039-991 B.C.; d 991 B.C. at Tanis; m. Wiay
>
>24. Istemkheb, b. 1050 B.C.; Princess of Egypt. m. Menkheperre, High Priest
> of the god Amon in Thebes 1045-992 B.C.

Menkheperre is known to be the son of Pinudjem I. His mother was probably
Pinudjem's chief wife Hentawwy. Istemkheb, his wife, was the daughter of Wiay
and is probably identical with Istemkheb, daughter of Psusennes I, but its not
absolutely certain.

>25. Pinudjem II, b. 1030 B.C.; High Priest of the god Amon in Thebes 990-969
> B.C.; d 969 B.C.
>
>26. Psusennes II (Titkheperre Setepenre Har-Psibkhaemne), b. 995 B.C.; Pharaoh
> of Egypt 959-945 B.C.; d 945 B.C.

It is not certain that Psusennes, High Priest of Amun in Thebes, is identical
with Psusennes II, king of Egypt. Kitchen (1972 edn) is inclined to believe
they were not, though most scholars think they were the same. Dodson has
argued that they were the same, and that Psusennes was, like Pinudjem I, a
nominal king, coregent with Shoshenq I. If they were different, then (27)
Maatkare's ancestry must be sought through the main line of the 21st dynasty,
which is not nearly so well known as the High Priests of Amun.

>27. Maatkare, b. 955 B.C.; Princess of Egypt; d after 940 B.C. m.
> Sekhemkheperre Setepenre Osorkon I, Pharaoh of Egypt 924-889 B.C.
>
>28. Heqakheperre Setepenre Shoshenk II, b. 940 B.C.; High Priest of the god
> Amon in Thebes 924-894 B.C.; Pharaoh of Egypt 890 B.C.; d 890 B.C. m.
> Nesitanebtashru
>
>29. Hedjkheperre Setepenamun Harsiese, b. 920 B.C.; High Priest of the god
> Amon in Thebes 874 B.C.; Pharaoh of Egypt ca 870-ca 860 B.C.; d ca 860 B.C.
>
>30. Karoma I, b. ca 900; Princess of Egypt; d after 852 B.C. m. Usermare
> Setepenamun Osorkon II, Pharaoh of Egypt 874-850 B.C.

Not certain. Kitchen (rather surprisingly) does not have an opinion on the
question. Karoma, wife of Osorkon II, is described as a king's daughter. As
Settipani points out, this makes her a daughter of Takeloth I or Harsiese, and
Shoshenq II should be added. Settipani notes that she is not called king's
sister, which in his view favours Harsiesi. If so, the marriage may have been
part of an attempted political settlement of the regal pretensions of the
Theban line of Shoshenq II and Harsiesi. However, the chronology of prince
Shoshenq (31) requires that Osorkon married Karoma before Harsiesi's nominal
accession. Also, there is another Karoma, Divine Wife of Amun and king's
daughter, who is likely to be Harsiesi's daughter, and multiple children of the
same name seem to be less common in this period than in earlier times. If the
absence of "king's sister" is significatnt, then these factors favour Shoshenq
II as her father; again, the marriage may be seen as part of an attempted
political settlement, which presumably was blown up by Harsiesi.

It should be noted that none of the pharaohs of the 22/23 dynasties actually
have a traceable ancestry to the marriage of Osorkon I with Maatkare (27). It
is hard to believe that one didn't exist, especially towards the end of the
period, but at this point we don't know what it was.

>31. Shoshenk, b. 885 B.C.; Great Chief of Ma; High Priest of the god Ptah in
> Memphis ca 870-850 B.C.; d 851 B.C.
>
>32. Takelot, b. 865 B.C.; Great Chief of Ma; High Priest of the god Ptah in
> Memphis ca 830-ca 810 B.C.; d ca 810 B.C. m. Djedbastesankh

As noted by Settipani, the evidence for Djedbastesankh as wife of Takeloth is
ambiguous, in that she appears on a monument with both prince Takeloth and
Shoshenq III; quite probably Takeloth's daughter of the same name is meant.
Probably her mother was Takeloth's well-attested wife (and aunt) Tjesbastperu,
daughter of Osorkon II by an Istemkheb of unknown ancestry. The name Istemkheb
is frequent in the 21st dynasty (Kitchen refers to a "plague of Istemkhebs"),
so Settipani suggests that she was the descendent of the Maatkare union, but
there is really no evidence for this.

>33. Djed Bast es Ankh, b. 840 B.C. d after 807 B.C. m. Usermare Setepenre
> Shoshenk III, Pharaoh of Egypt 825-773 B.C.
>
>34. Usermare Setepenre Pimay, b. 830 B.C.; Great Chief of Ma; Prince of Sais;
> Pharaoh of Egypt 773-767 B.C.; d 767 (?) B.C.

The name of Pimay's mother is unknown -- there is no reason to suppose it was
Djedbastesankh. Sheshonq's chief queen was Tentamenopet, whose ancestry is
unknown. Pimay was not the original crown prince, but if one has to guess his
mother then Tentamenopet is probably the best guess. It is not certain that
Pimay, son of Shoshenq III, prince of Sais, is the same as the later pharaoh
Pimay (the name is spelled differently), but its likely.

>35. Osorkon, b. 805 B.C.; Great Chief of Ma; prophet of Neith; Prince of Sais
> ca 773-740 (?) B.C.; d 740 B.C.

The parentage of prince Osorkon is unknown, though Pimay is a reasonable guess.

>36. Shepsesre Tefnakhte I, b. 780 B.C.; Great Chief of Ma; prophet of Neith;
> Prince of Sais 740-727 B.C.; Pharaoh of Egypt 727-720 B.C.; d 720 B.C.

The parentage of Tefnakhte is unknown. Given the change in royal naming
patterns, after two centuries of almost unmitigated Shoshenqs, Takeloths,
Osorkons and Nimlots, one might well argue that he was from a different family,
though several other new names (e.g. Pimay, Rudamon) make their appearance in
the royal families in this period.

>37. Wahkare Bakenranef, b. 755 B.C.; Pharaoh of Egypt 720-715 B.C.; d 715
> B.C., killed by Shabaka of the XXV Dynasty
>
>38. Iribre Nekauba, b. 735 B.C.; Prince of Sais 688-672 B.C.; d 672 B.C.

The relationship of the 24th dynasty to the 26th, if any, is very uncertain.
The only real source is Manetho. It appears that there were several princes of
Sais between the two, one of which was arguably called Tefnakhte. Nekauba is
the possibly legendary prince Nechepso. The prenomen Iribre (or Menibre) is
just a suggestion of Kitchen's. Settipani suggests here Iribre Tefnakhte.

>39. Menkheperre Necho I, b. 710 B.C.; King of Memphis and Sais 672-664 B.C.; d
> 664 B.C.
>
>40. Wahibre Psamtek I, b. 685 B.C.; Prince of Athribis 665 B.C., Prince of
> Sais 664 B.C.; Pharaoh of Egypt 664-610 B.C.; d 610 B.C.
>
>41. Wehemobre Necho II, b. 660 B.C.; Pharaoh of Egypt 610-595 B.C.; d 595 B.C.
>
>42. Neferibre Psamtek II, b. 630 B.C.; Pharaoh of Egypt 595-589 B.C.; d 589
>B.C.
>
>43. Wahibre Haibre, b. 605 B.C.; Pharaoh of Egypt 589-570 B.C.; d 568 B.C.

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